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Introduction to Grammar Development

Course Description

Participants of this course will learn how to implement HPSG grammars using the TRALE system, which is currently used by various researchers to develop grammars for German, Danish, Persian, English, French, Polish, Maltese, Arabic, and Mandarin Chinese.

The course participants will work in lab sessions on grammars of German and modify and extend them. The grammars capture morphological, syntactic, and semantic phenomena. Advanced participants can work on grammars for languages of their choice.

Lexical entries for individual verbs will be written and descriptions of certain verb classes will be formulated, constraints for agreement (subject verb agreement) are introduced into the grammar and analyzes for adjuncts and complements will be developed. Generalizations over lexical entries will be captured by introducing lexical rules and classifying lexical items and using macros for the description of lexical items.

Literature

• Basic Reading:
  • Müller, Stefan, 2013, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: Eine Einführung. Tübingen: Stauffenburg Verlag, 3rd Edition.
  
  
• Introductions to HPSG:
  • Müller, Stefan, 2007. Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: Eine Einführung. Stauffenburg Einführungen Nr. 17, Tübingen: Stauffenburg Verlag, 2. überarbeitete Auflage 2008, 3. überarbeitete Auflage 2013.
  • Borsley, Robert D., 1999. Syntactic Theory: A Unified Approach. 2nd edition, London: Edward Arnold.
  • Sag, Ivan A., Thomas Wasow and Emily M. Bender, 2003. Syntactic Theory: A Formal Introduction. 2. Edition. Stanford: Center for the Study of Language and Information.
  • Shieber, Stuart, 1986. An Introduction to Unification-Based Approaches to Grammar. Stanford: Center for the Study of Language and Information.
  
  
• Books focussing on HPSG and German:
  • Müller, Stefan, 1999. Deutsche Syntax deklarativ. Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar für das Deutsche. Linguistische Arbeiten, Nr. 394, Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag.
  • Müller, Stefan, 2002. Complex Predicates: Verbal Complexes, Resultative Constructions, and Particle Verbs in German. Studies in Constraint-Based Lexicalism. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
  
  
• Handbook on HPSG: Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: The handbook
• Literature regarding HPSG: HPSG Online Bibliography

Demo of an HPSG Grammar of German

• Babel

Slides

• Slides (in pdf-Format zum Lesen am Bildschirm, 6.2M)
• Handout (pdf-Format 4up zum Ausdrucken, 2.7M)

Trale-Download

You may download the virtual machine Grammix, which contains the TRALE system (an operating system with virtualization software), text book example gramamrs, and the [incr TSDB()] system for industrial strength grammar profiling. An alternative is the Standalone Version of TRALE, which can be used under Linux.

Emacs-Informationen

• Emacs Beginner's HOWTO

Material by Detmar Meurers on grammar development:

• course material 2002

Excercise Sheets

Frederik Fouvry, Stephan Oepen, Ann Copestake, Dan Flickinger and Rob Malouf developed similar courses for developing grammars for English with the LKB System. I adapted their material to German and TRALE (Morphology and case; constituent order: fronting (V2), verb movement, scrambling).

Grammar	Exercise
Grammar 1	Exercise 1 (Version 27.05.2020)
Grammar 2	Exercise 2 (Version 27.05.2020)
Grammar 3	Exercise 3 (Version 17.04.2020)
Grammar 4	Exercise 4 (Version 17.04.2020)
Grammar 5	Exercise 5 (Version 22.06.2020)
Grammar 6	Exercise 6 (Version 11.07.2022)
Grammar 7	Exercise 7 (Version 28.06.2020)
Grammar 8	Exercise 8 (Version 11.07.2022)