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The end of Lexicalism as we know it?

Authors: Stefan Müller

Subject Areas: argument structure, Lexicalism, valency, nominalization, coordination, morphology

This paper appeared in Language 94(1). e54–e66. It is a reply to Benjamin Bruening's paper The Lexicalist Hypothesis: Both Wrong and Superfluous that appeared in Language in the same issue.

Bruening claims that all phenomena that have been explained with reference to the notion word should be explained with reference to the X°/XP distinction. He claims that only phrases can be extracted, which would explain the island status of words (his X°). He also claims that coordination affects always full XPs countering an earlier argument by Steve Wechsler and me. He argues for a phrasal analysis of resultative constructions and tries to support it by the claim that all arguments of nouns are optional and hence a lexical analysis of resultative constructions that assumes that the result predicate is selected by the verb would make wrong claims when it comes to nominalizations, since one would expect that the result predicate can be omitted like other arguments in nominalizations can be.

I argue that Bruening's X°/XP distinction cannot explain extraction differences since X° can be extracted, that some arguments are indeed not optional in nominalizations and that coordination may affect lexical items. I furthermore point out that morphological phenomena in languages other than English may need more machinery and different tools and that in the end it may be reasonable to assume that there is a morphology that is indeed different from syntax.

Draft of July 28, 2017: